Maricopa Community Colleges  CHM260   20026-20065 
Official Course Description: MCCCD Approval: 06/25/02
CHM260 20026-20065 LEC 3 Credit(s) 3 Period(s)
Fundamental Biochemistry
Structures, properties, and functions of proteins, enzymes, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids; the utilization and synthesis of these materials by living systems and the relationship of the processes to energy production and utilization. Designed for students in agriculture, dental hygiene, home economics, nursing, and physical therapy. Prerequisites: CHM230 and CHM230LL, or CHM236 and CHM236LL, or CHM238 and CHM238LL.
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MCCCD Official Course Competencies:
 
CHM260   20026-20065 Fundamental Biochemistry
1. Describe the relationship between a biomolecule's structure and its physical and chemical properties within a living cell. (I-VIII)
2. Outline the replication steps for DNA, RNA. (I, VIII)
3. Describe the biochemical reactions of the cell including anabolism. (I,V-VIII)
4. Describe the biochemical reactions that release energy from carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. (V-VIII).
5. Explain protein synthesis from the genetic code. (III, IV, VII-VIII).
6. Interpret protein structure and how it relates to its function. (II-IV)
7. Explain the role of enzymes and the control of enzymatic processes. (IV) Outline
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MCCCD Official Course Outline:
 
CHM260   20026-20065 Fundamental Biochemistry
    I. Review of Biology and Organic Chemistry
        A. Organic functional groups - recognize and know what common reactions exist with each
        B. Central Dogma of Biochemistry - 3 nucleotide units encode a specific amino acid, these are linked in an exact sequence for a particular protein.
        C. Cell structure & differentiation into organelles, organelle functions
        D. Prokaryotes vs. Eurkarotes
        E. Biochemical analysis
      II. Review of Inorganic Chemistry and Water as a biological solvent
          A. Simple Ions, Polyatomic Ions,
          B. Covalent Bonding and polarity
          C. Water, ionization, pH, buffers
          D. Zwitterions, amino acids, and relate to pH, Henderson- Hasselbach Equation
          E. Biological buffers
        III. Amino Acids, Peptides, Proteins
            A. Amino acids, most common, chirality
            B. Amino acid side chain differentiation and function
            C. Isoelectric points of amino acids
            D. Peptide synthesis and hydrolysis
            E. Peptide function
            F. Protein function
            G. Protein structure: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary
          IV. Enzymes
              A. Nomenclature and classifications
              B. Catalytic activity, coenzymes, cofactors
              C. Michalis-Menten Model for Enzyme-Substrate complex
              D. Mechanism for Enzyme actions
              E. Regulation: Competitive and non-competitive inhibition (allosteric control)
              F. Enzymes as Diagnostic Markers in medical diagnosis
            V. Carbohydrates
                A. Nomenclature, structure, stereochemistry review
                B. O-chem review of reactions of aldehydes, ketones
                C. Synthesis of carbohydrates, and polysaccharides
                D. Glycoproteins and immune system response
              VI. Lipids
                  A. Nomenclature, classifications, solubility similarities
                  B. Fatty acids and triglycerides
                  C. Cell lipids, cephalins, lecithins, sphingolipids
                  D. Steroids
                  E. Prostaglandins
                  F. Terpenes
                  G. Waxes
                VII. Metabolism, Bioenergenics
                    A. Catabolism
                      1. Stage 1 - digestion
                      2. Stage 2 - Acetyl CoA production
                      3. Stage 3 - Introduction to Citric Acid cycle, Electron transport Chain
                    B. ATP - energy provider for biological systems.
                    C. Anaerobic vs. aerobic respiration
                    D. Glycolysis in detail, allosteric controls
                    E. Other catabolic pathways (glycogenolysis)
                    F. Anabolism of gluconeogenesis, glycogenesis
                    G. Electron Transport Chain in detail, allosteric controls
                    H. Lipid metabolism
                      1. Lipoproteins
                      2. Fatty-acid spiral
                    I. Protein metabolism - protein turnover
                    J. Amino acid metabolism:
                      1. Ketone bodies
                      2. Transmination
                      3. Urea formation
                  VIII. DNA, RNA, Genetics, Central Dogma
                      A. Nucleotides - structure and function
                      B. DNA - Watson & Crick structure - anti parallel strands
                      C. Base pairing, A-T and G-C
                      D. Complimentary strands
                      E. Genes
                      F. Replication
                      G. RNA - structure and function, differences with DNA
                      H. Overview of Central Dogman and Protein synthesis
                        1. Flow of genetic information
                        2. Codons, anticodons
                        3. Transcription - genetic code
                        4. Viral RNA transcription (retro-viruses)
                        5. Translation and protein synthesis, initiation, elongation, and termination
                        6. Mutations
                      I. Recombinant DNA
                        1. Plasmids
                        2. Human Genome Project, PCR
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