Maricopa Community Colleges  BIO220   20006-20015 
Official Course Description:   MCCCD Approval:  02/22/00
BIO220      20006-20015 LEC
LAB
4 Credit(s)
0 Credit(s)
3 Period(s)
3 Period(s)
Biology of Microorganisms
Basic course for students with credit in BIO181. Detailed study of microbial cells, their structure, genetics, physiology and taxonomy. Prerequisites: BIO181 and CHM151
 
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MCCCD Official Course Competencies:
 
BIO220   20006-20015 Biology of Microorganisms
1. Use a compound microscope to visualize microbial organisms. (I)
2. Describe methods of classifying and naming microorganisms. (I)
3. Describe physiology and biochemistry common to the various groups of microorganisms as well as differences among groups. (II)
4. Describe cell structure and cell communication. (III)
5. Describe the use of energy and enzymes in microorganisms. (IV)
6. Describe methods of growth and reproduction in various types of microorganisms. (V)
7. Describe DNA replication, protein synthesis, and mutation in microbes. (VI)
8. Describe microbial methods of DNA recombination, including transformation, conjugation, and transduction. (VI)
9. Describe control mechanisms for genetic information in bacteria. (VII)
10. Describe structure and life history of viruses. (VIII)
11. Describe techniques and applications of genetic engineering. (IX)
12. Describe industrial uses of microorganisms. (X)
13. Describe the evolution of microorganisms and discuss levels of diversity among microorganisms. (XI, XII, XIII)
14. Describe the influence and participation of microbes in ecology. (XIV)
15. Describe the structural and physiological differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic. (XV)
16. Describe the human body's responses to the presence of antigenic substances. (XVI, XVII, XVIII)
17. Describe causes, symptoms, course, transmission, and treatment of infectious diseases. (XVII, XVIII)
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MCCCD Official Course Outline:
 
BIO220   20006-20015 Biology of Microorganisms
    I. Microorganisms and Microbiology
        A. Light microscopy
        B. Electron microscopy
        C. Cytology
        D. Microbial nutrition
      II. Macromolecules
          A. Atoms, bonds, and molecules
          B. Carbohydrates: sugars and polysaccharides
          C. Lipids: fats, phospholipids, and waxes
          D. Proteins: shapers of life
          E. Nucleic Acids: a cell computer and its programs
        III. Cell Biology
            A. Membrane structure
            B. Transport mechanisms
            C. Receptors
            D. Gram negative vs. gram positive cell structure
          IV. Nutrition and Metabolism
              A. Enzymes catalyzing the chemical reactions of life
              B. Regulation of enzyme activity
              C. Catabolism and anabolism
              D. Pyruvic acid: A central metabolite
              E. Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration
            V. Microbial Growth
                A. Sources of essential nutrients
                B. How microbes feed
                C. Transport mechanisms for nutrient absorption
                D. Environmental factors
                E. Temperature adaptations
                F. Effects of pH
                G. Interrelationships between microbes and humans
              VI. Principles of Microbial Molecular Biology
                  A. The DNA code
                  B. Significance of DNA structure
                  C. DNA replication
                  D. Transcription
                  E. Translation
                  F. Mutations: mistakes in DNA language (causes, categories & repair)
                  G. The Ames Test
                  H. DNA transfer and recombination
                VII. Regulation of Gene Expression and Microbial Genetics
                    A. The gene-protein connection
                    B. Genetic regulation of protein synthesis and metabolism
                    C. The lactose operon: A model of inducible gene regulation in bacteria
                    D. A repressible operon
                    E. Antibiotics
                  VIII. Viruses
                      A. DNA viruses
                        1. Parvoviruses: non-enveloped single strand DNA viruses
                        2. Papovaviruses: papilloma, polyoma, vacuolating viruses
                        3. Hepadnaviruses: unusual enveloped DNA viruses
                        4. Herpesvirus
                      B. RNA viruses
                        1. Hantaviruses
                        2. Arboviruses: viruses spread by arthropod vectors
                        3. AIDS
                        4. Bunyaviruses and arenaviruses
                        5. Orthomyxoviruses: influenza
                        6. Coronaviruses
                        7. Retroviruses
                    IX. Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology
                        A. Complexities of genetics: polygenes and eugenics
                        B. Genetic engineering: tools and techniques
                        C. Analysis of DNA and applications
                        D. Genetic disease and gene therapy
                        E. AIDS and HIV
                        F. Monoclonal antibody technology
                        G. Biotechnology in the developing world
                        H. What now?
                      X. Industrial Microbiology/Biocatalysis
                          A. Applied microbiology and biotechnology
                          B. General concepts in industrial microbiology
                          C. From microbial factories to industrial factories
                          D. Industrial products of microorganisms
                            1. Pharmaceuticals
                            2. Food additives and amino acids
                            3. Miscellaneous chemicals
                            4. Enzymes
                        XI. Microbial Evolution and Systematics
                            A. Evolution of bacteria
                            B. Evolution of eubacteria
                            C. Genetic mutations and evolution
                          XII. Prokaryotic Diversity
                              A. Bacteria
                              B. Archaea
                            XIII. Metabolic Diversity
                                A. Anaerobes
                                B. Aerobes
                                C. Facultative anaerobes
                                D. Fermentation
                              XIV. Microbial Ecology
                                  A. Organization of the ecosystem
                                  B. Ecological interactions between organisms in a community
                                  C. Natural recycling of bioelements
                                  D. Atmospheric cycles
                                  E. Aquatic microbiology
                                  F. Microorganisms and food
                                  G. Bioremediation
                                XV. Eukaryotic Microorganisms: Fungi
                                    A. Pathogenesis
                                    B. Control of mycotic infections
                                    C. Histoplasmosis
                                    D. Blastomycosis
                                    E. Sporotrichosis
                                    F. Mycetoma
                                    G. Cutaneous and superficial mycoses
                                    H. Pneumocystis
                                    I. Actinomycetes: fungus like bacteria
                                  XVI. Host-Parasite Relationships
                                      A. Resident flora
                                      B. Gateway to infection
                                      C. Mechanisms of invasion and establishment of the pathogen
                                      D. Persistence of microbes and pathological conditions
                                      E. Tracking disease in population
                                      F. Acquisition and transmission of infection
                                      G. Koch's postulates
                                      H. The hospital as a source for disease
                                    XVII. Concepts in Immunology
                                        A. Stages in inflammation
                                        B. Inflammatory response
                                        C. Molecular basis of immune responses
                                        D. Lymphocytes
                                        E. Cell mediated immunity
                                        F. Monoclonal antibodies
                                        G. Methods of manipulating immunity for therapeutic purposes
                                        H. Serological and immune tests
                                        I. Major histocompatibility complex
                                      XVIII. Clinical Microbiology and Immunology
                                          A. The immune response
                                          B. Overreactions to antigens
                                          C. Atopy and anaphylaxis
                                          D. Epidemiology
                                          E. Specific diseases associated with IgE and mast cell-mediated allergy
                                          F. Type I, Type II, and Type III hypersensitivities
                                          G. T cells
                                          H. Immunodeficiency
                                          I. Cancer cells
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