Official Course Description: MCCCD Approval: 05/24/94
RES120 19906-19945	LEC	5 Credit(s)	5 Period(s)
Respiratory Care Applied Sciences
Anatomy and physiology of respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Nervous system control of the respiratory system. Classification of microorganisms. Decontamination of respiratory equipment. Protection of patient from hospital-caused infection. Basic chemistry as related to respiratory care. Principles of gas physics. Mechanics of ventilation. Physiologic classification of ventilation. Mechanisms of gas transport. Interpretation of acid-base components of blood gases. Prerequisites: None.

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MCCCD Official Course Competencies:
RES120   19906-19945	Respiratory Care Applied Sciences

1.	Identify and locate the anatomical structures and describe the function of the respiratory system. (I,II)
2.	Identify and locate the anatomical structures and describe the function of the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems. (III & IV)
3.	Identify and locate the anatomical structures and describe the function of the nervous system as it relates to the respiratory system. (V)
4.	Classify microorganisms. (VI - XXIII)
5.	Describe procedures for cleaning and decontaminating respiratory care equipment. (XXIV - XXVI)
6.	Describe the procedures for protecting the patient from nosocomial infection. (XXVII)
7.	Apply basic chemistry to respiratory care. (XXVIII - XXXIV)
8.	Apply basic principles of gas physics to respiratory care. (XXXV - XXXIX)
9.	Describe the mechanics of ventilation. (XL - XLIV)
10.	Classify ventilation according to physiologic classification scheme. (XLV)
11.	Describe the mechanisms of gas transport. (XLVI - XLVIII)
12.	Interpret the acid-base components of blood gases. (L - LIII)

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MCCCD Official Course Outline:
RES120   19906-19945	Respiratory Care Applied Sciences

I. Major Anatomical Structures A. Nose B. Paranasal sinuses C. Mouth D. Pharynx 1. nasopharynx 2. oropharynx 3. laryngopharynx (hypopharynx) E. Larynx 1. epiglottic cartilage 2. thyroid cartilage 3. cricoid cartilage 4. arytenoid cartilage 5. cuneiform cartilage 6. corniculate cartilage 7. vocal cords F. Tracheobronchial tree and lung parenchyma 1. trachea 2. mainstem bronchi 3. lobar bronchi 4. segmental bronchi 5. bronchioles a. terminal b. respiratory 6. alveolar ducts 7. alveolar sacs 8. alveoli 9. alveolar capillary membrane 10. lobes 11. segments G. Mucosal lining 1. components of mucus membrane 2. function H. Thoracic cavity 1. mediastinum 2. pleura 3. hilum I. Bony thorax 1. sternum 2. ribs II. Muscles of respiration 1. diaphragm 2. external intercostals 3. accessory muscles B. Accessory muscles of expiration III. Cardiopulmonary Vascular System A. Components of blood 1. plasma 2. cellular components a. red blood cells b. white blood cells c. platelets B. Blood vessels 1. arteries 2. arterioles 3. capillaries 4. veins 5. venules C. Heart 1. chambers 2. valves 3. muscles IV. Lymphatic System V. Autonomic Nervous System A. Parasympathetic 1. nicotinic effects 2. muscarinic effects B. Sympathetic 1. receptors at the ganglion 2. receptors at the effector site VI. Microorganism by Cell Type A. Eukaryotic (Protista) 1. algae (except blue-green) 2. protozoa 3. fungi 4. slime mold B. Prokaryotic (lower Protista) 1. blue-green algae 2. bacteria 3. rickettsiae 4. mycoplasmas VII. Eukaryotic Cell Structure A. Surface layers 1. cell membrane a. structure b. function 2. cell wall B. Nucleus 1. structure 2. function C. Cytoplasmic structures 1. endoplasmic reticulum a. structure b. function 2. mitochondria a. structure b. function 3. chloroplasts 4. Ribosomes a. structure b. function 5. lysosomes a. structure b. function D. Motility organelles 1. cilia 2. flagella VIII. Prokaryotic Cell Structure A. Surface layers 1. cell membrane 2. cell wall a. gram-positive bacteria b. gram-negative bacteria B. Nucleus C. Cytoplasmic structures 1. multienzyme complexes 2. ribosomes 3. mesoseme 4. cytoplasmic granules D. Motility organelles 1. flagella 2. pili E. Capsule 1. description 2. functions 3. causative factors IX. Necessary Growth Conditions for Microorganisms A. Growth mediums B. Atmosphere 1. aerobic 2. anaerobic 3. faculative C. Temperature D. Osmotic pressure and pH e. Moisture F. Light X. Microbial Reproduction A. Asexual (binary fission) B. Sexual (conjugation) XI. Growth Pattern of Microorganisms A. Lag phase B. Expotential phase C. Stationary phase D. Death phase XII. Microbial relationships A. Autotroph B. heterotroph 1. saprophyte 2. parasite 3. symbiosis a. commensalism b. antibiosis c. ammensalism d. synnecrosis e. mutualism XIII. Spores XIV. Microbial shapes A. Coccus 1. diplococcus 2. streptococcus 3. staphylococcus B. Bacillus C. spirillum, spirochete D. Vibrios E. Fusiform XV. Laboratory Examination Procedures Associated with Microorganisms A. Gram stain B. Acid fast stain C. Cultural and sensitivity D. Cytology XVI. Terms A. Inflammation B. Contamination C. Infection D. Pathogen E. Virulence F. Immunity G. Superinfection H. Pyrogenic I. Nosocomial infection J. Aerobic K. Anaerobic L. Toxins 1. extoxin 2. endotoxin M. Vegetative wall XVII. Collection of Respiratory Specimen for Laboratory Examination XVIII. Common pathogenic microorganisms A. Bacillus B. Clostridium C. Corynebacterium D. Diplococcus E. Staphylococcus F. Streptococcus G. Mycobacterium H. Neisseria I. Proteus J. Pseudomonas K. Serratia L. Escherichia M. Klebsiella N. Hemophilus O. Salmonella XIX. Mycoplasma A. Structure B. Genus characteristics C. Species 1. location 2. diseases a. transmission b. treatment XX. Rickettsiae A. Structure B. Characteristics 1. shape 2. diseases a. clinical findings b. transmission c. treatment XXI. Viruses A. Structure 1. surface layers 2. nucleus 3. cytoplasmic structure 4. motility organelles B. Characteristics C. Species XXII. Fungi A. Structure B. Reproduction C. Types XXIII. Normal Flora A. Skin B. Respiratory tract C. Gastrointestinal tract XXIV. Actions Involved in Equipment Decontamination A. Bacteriostatic B. Bacteriocidal C. Sterilization D. Disinfection E. Asepsis F. Antiseptic G. Decontamination H. Sanitization XXV. Advantages, Disadvantages and Precautions Involved of Sterilization/Disinfection Systems A. Autoclaving B. Pasteurization C. Ethylene oxide D. Phenols E. Hexachlorophene F. Alcohols G. Iodine H. Chloride and chlorine compounds I. Mercury compounds J. Quaternary ammonium compounds K. Formaldehyde L. Acid glutaraldehyde M. Alkaline glutaraldehyde XXVI. Principles of Equipment Decontamination A. Humidifiers B. Nebulizers C. Tubing D. Ventilators E. Tents F. Regulators G. Flowmeters H. Spirometers I. Resuscitators J. Airways K. Electrical equipment L. Other related equipment XXVII. Hospital Infection Control Procedures A. Handwashing in the control of nosocomial infections B. Isolation procedures C. Gowning and gloving technique D. Use of disposables in infection control E. Purpose and procedures of monitoring in infection control XXVIII. Atomic structure A. Definition of an atom B. Composition of an atom 1. nucleus a. proton b. neutron 2. electron C. Atomic weight D. Gram atomic weight E. Atomic number F. Element G. Isotope H. Ion XXIX. Molecular Structure A. Molecule B. Compound C. Free radical D. Molecular formlae XXX. Molecular Weights XXXI. Priniciple of Valances A. Oxidation B. Reduction XXXII. Chemical Compounds A. Ionic compounds B. Non-polar covalent compounds C. Polar covalent compounds XXXIII. Liquid Mixtures A. Solution 1. solute 2. solvent 3. gram equivalents 4. milligram equivalents 5. importance of equivalents 6. perform dilution calculations 7. quantitative classification of solutions a. ratio b. weight per volume solution (W/V) c. percent solution 8. osmosis 9. diffusion 10. hydrostatic pressure B. Colloids C. Suspensions D. Electrolytes XXXIV. Standard Metric and English Units XXXV. Scientific Notation Temperature Scales A. Fahrenheit B. Celsius C. Kelvin XXXVI. Physical and Chemical Properties of Gases in the Atmosphere A. Chemical symbol 1. oxygen 2. carbon dioxide 3. nitrogen B. Atmospheric concentration 1. oxygen 2. carbon dioxide 3. nitrogen C. Physical state at room temperature 1. oxygen 2. carbon dioxide 3. nitrogen D. Physiological effects 1. oxygen 2. carbon dioxide 3. nitrogen E. Commercial preparation 1. oxygen 2. carbon dioxide 3. nitrogen F. Mobility of gases 1. kinetic activity 2. Brownian movement G. States of matter 1. the effects of temperature on the states of matter 2. the effects of pressure on the states of matter XXXVII. Measurement of Atmospheric Pressure A. Barometric pressure B. Supra-atmospheric pressure C. Subatmospheric pressure D. Negative pressure E. Positive pressure F. Ambient pressure G. Absolute pressure XXXVIII.Gas Tension XXXIX. Gas Laws A. Boyle's B. Charles C. Gay-Lussac's D. Dalton's XL. Control of Ventilation A. Central control B. Peripheral control XLI. Action of Ventilatory Muscles XLII. Lung-Thorax Relationship XLIII. Resistance to Ventilation A. Elastic resistance 1. compliance 2. surface tension B. Nonelastic resistance 1. tissue 2. airway XLIV. Mechanics of Exhalation XLV. Classification of Ventilation A. Lung volumes B. Lung capacities XLVI. Diffusion of Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Nitrogen and Water XLVII. Partial Pressures of Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Nitrogen and Water A. Ambient gas B. Alveolar gas C. Arterial blood D. Venus blood XLVIII. Physical and Chemical Processes of Oxygen Transport A. Ventilation-perfusion relationship 1. distribution of pulmonary perfusion 2. distribution of pulmonary ventilation B. Alveolar gas exchange C. Oxygen content/transport D. Hemoglobin-oxygen affinity XLIX. Physical and Chemical Processes of Carbon Dioxide Transport L. Terms A. pH B. Acidosis C. Alkalosis D. Respiratory component E. Non-respiratory (metabolic) component F. Compensated G. Uncompensated H. Carbon dioxide content I. Buffer LI. Relationship of pH, PCO and HCO in the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation LII. Renal and Respiratory Effects on Acid Base Balance in the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation LIII. Clinical Acid-Base States A. Respiratory acidosis B. Respiratory alkalosis C. Metabolic acidosis D. Metabolic alkalosis E. Compensated (chronic) F. Uncompensated (acute) G. Partially compensated

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