MCCCD Official Course Competencies:

RES136  2007 Fall – 2009 Summer II

Applied Biophysics for Respiratory Care

1.

Define the physical principles related to the mechanics of ventilation. (I)

2.

Use mathematical skills to calculate the formula for specific laws of physics. (I, II, III, IV, VI)

3.

Compare and contrast the effects of compliance and resistance on air and fluid dynamics. (I, VI)

4.

Differentiate the effects of hydrostatic and osmotic pressure in the pulmonary and tissue capillary beds. (II)

5.

Identify how changes in pressure affect gas exchange in the pulmonary system and at the tissue level. (II, IV, V, VIII)

6.

Identify the application of the gas laws to respiratory clinical situations. (III)

7.

Identify the effects of atmospheric pressure on the respiratory and the circulatory systems. (IV)

8.

Introduction to arterial blood gas interpretations. (VI, IX)

9.

Identify the relationship between work, kinetic energy and potential energy. (VII)

10.

Identify the effects of temperature changes on human physiology. (VIII)

11.

Define the physical principles specific to the operation of gas measuring electrodes. (IX-X)

MCCCD Official Course Outline:

RES136  2007 Fall – 2009 Summer II

Applied Biophysics for Respiratory Care

I. Physical Principles of the Mechanics of Ventilation

A. Hooke's Law and relationships

1. compliance

2. elastance

B. LaPlace's Law and relationships

1. pulmonary surfactant

2. surface tension

II. Circulatory pressures

A. Pulmonary pressures

B. Systemic pressures

C. Variations in blood pressure

D. Capillary dynamics

1. Starling's law

2. osmotic pressures

3. hydrostatic pressures

4. interstitial pressures

5. capillary dynamics changes with peripheral and pulmonary edema

6. calculate filtration and reabsorption pressures

III. The properties of gases

A. Ideal gas law

B. Boyle's law

C. Charles' law

D. Gay-lussac's law

E. Calculate problems utilizing gas laws.

F. Physiologic applications of the gas laws

G. Clinical application of the gas laws

IV. Atmospheric pressures

A. Dalton's law of partial pressures

1. in the atmosphere

2. in the trachea

3. In the alveoli

B. Manometers of measurement

C. Water-seal drainage

D. Significance of Avogadro's law to gas volumes

V. Circulatory pressures

A. Pulmonary pressures

B. Systemic pressures

C. Variations in blood pressure

VI. Principles and laws of fluid dynamics

A. Law of Continuity

1. ventilatory physiology

2. circulatory physiology

B. Bernoulli's principles and relationships

1. air entrainment devices

2. partially obstructed airways

C. Venturi principles

D. Transtracheobronchial flow patterns

E. Resistance to ventilation

1. inertial resistance

2. elastic or viscous resistance

3. airway resistance

F. Fluid viscosity

G. Poiseuille's Law and relationships

1. airway resistance

2. airway length

3. flow patterns to Reynold's number

H. Pascal's principles and pistons

I. Barometers

1. anaeroid

2. mercury

VII. Energy and work

A. Kinetic theory of matter

B. Relationship between work and kinetic energy

C. Relationship between work and potential energy

D. Law of conservation of energy

VIII. Gas measuring electrodes

A. Oxygen analyzers

B. Oximeters

C. Blood gas analyzers

IX. Heat energy

A. Temperature

1. fahrenheit, celsius and kelvin scales

B. Physiologic effects

1. hypothermia

2. hyperthermia

C. Humidity and vapor pressure

1. body humidity

2. relative humidity

3. humidity deficit

D. Evaporation

E. Condensation

X. Arterial blood gases

A. Normal

B. Respiratory acidosis

C. Respiratory Alkalosis

D. Metabolic Alkalosis

E. Metabolic Acidosis

F. Partially compensated Respiratory acidosis

G. Partially compensated Respiratory alkalosis

H. Partially compensated Metabolic Alkalosis

I. Partially compensated Metabolic Acidosis

J. Compensated Respiratory acidosis

K. Compensated Respiratory alkalosis

L. Compensated Metabolic Alkalosis

M. Compensated Metabolic Acidosis