Maricopa Community Colleges  ICE201   19996-99999 
Official Course Description:   MCCCD Approval:  01/26/99  
ICE201      19996-99999 LEC 1 Credit(s) 1 Period(s)
Principles of Doppler Physics
Basic principles of Doppler ultrasound physics. Equipment, triplex imaging modalities, measurements, quality assurance, and bioeffects of diagnostic ultrasound. Prerequisites: Radiologic Technologist(RT), Registered Nurse(RN), Registered Diagnostic Cardiac Sonographer(RDCS), Registered Vascular Technologist (RVT), Registered Diagnostic Medical Sonographer(RDMS), or a physician with current license or registry eligible.
 
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MCCCD Official Course Competencies:
 
ICE201   19996-99999 Principles of Doppler Physics
1. Define specific terminology related to diagnostic ultrasound. (I)
2. Describe the fundamental principles of diagnostic ultrasound. (II)
3. Identify and the specific types of ultrasound transducers and pulse echo instrumentation used for diagnostic imaging and describe their operation. (III, IV)
4. Explain the principles of Doppler ultrasound to include continuous wave, pulsed wave, spectral display and color. (V)
5. Describe ultrasound artifacts and their relationship to image quality and Doppler ultrasound. (VI)
6. Explain quality assurance and its importance in maintaining image quality in ultrasound. (VII)
7. Describe the safety factors and bioeffects of diagnostic ultrasound. (VIII)
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MCCCD Official Course Outline:
 
ICE201   19996-99999 Principles of Doppler Physics
    I. Terminology
        A. Ultrasound
        B. Diagnostic ultrasound
        C. Doppler ultrasound
      II. Principles of ultrasound
          A. Frequency, Wavelength, propagation speed
          B. Properties of sound
          C. Decibels
          D. Physical units
        III. Ultrasound transducers
            A. Piezoelectric effect
            B. Transducer construction
            C. Beam formation
            D. Focusing
            E. Axial and lateral resolution
            F. Types of transducers
          IV. Pulse echo instrumentation
              A. Display modes
              B. B mode image formation
              C. Types of equipment
              D. Limitations of scanning
                1. Range equation
                2. Pulse repetition frequency
                3. Frame rate
                4. Lines per frame
                5. Field of view
                6. Imaging depth
              E. Image Storage and display
                1. Scan converters
                2. Digital systems
                3. Recording devices
                4. Post processing
                5. Display brightness and contrast
            V. Doppler
                A. Basic principles
                B. Doppler equation
                C. Doppler effect
                  1. Doppler shift
                  2. Frequencies
                D. Spectral analysis
                  1. Fast fourier transform
                  2. Spectral display
                  3. Spectral broadening
                E. Continuous wave
                  1. Transducers
                  2. Range ambiguity
                  3. Measuring high velocities
                F. Pulsed wave
                  1. Transducers
                  2. Range discrimination
                  3. Sample volume
                  4. Aliasing
                  5. Nyquist limit
                G. Color flow imaging
                  1. Sampling methods
                  2. Color assignment
                  3. Color maps
                  4. Separating frequencies
                  5. Mean frequencies
                  6. Power doppler
                H. Measurements
                  1. Ratios
                  2. Resistive index
                  3. Purcelot's index
                  4. Percent of stenosis
                  5. Volume flow
                I. New trends
              VI. Imaging artifacts
                  A. Types
                  B. Recognition and understanding artifacts
                  C. Factors affecting measurements
                  D. Impact on quality
                VII. Quality assurance
                    A. Quality assurance program
                    B. Evaluation of program
                    C. Image quality
                  VIII. Bioeffects and safety
                      A. Dosimetric quantities
                        1. Pressure
                        2. Intensity
                        3. Power
                        4. Area
                        5. Values used in diagnostic equipment
                      B. Acoustic exposure
                      C. Factors affecting exposure
                      D. American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine (AIUM) guidelines
                      E. Electrical and mechanical hazards
                      F. Patient safety
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