MCCCD Official Course Competencies:

DMI258  2008 Fall – 2010 Fall

Ultrasound Registry Preparation Seminar

1.

Define and describe specific terms and physical properties related to diagnostic ultrasound. (I)

2.

Describe the function and operation of various components of an ultrasound imaging unit. (II)

3.

Describe the testing and calibration of different ultrasound imaging systems. (III)

4.

Compare and contrast forms of acoustic output measurement. (IV)

5.

Explain the potential biological effects of ultrasound and the standards for the safe practice of diagnostic ultrasound. (V)

6.

Given sonographic images, describe and identify the normal, sonographic anatomy of the abdomen, pelvis, fetus, brain, thyroid, breast, and testes. (VI)

7.

Given sonographic images, describe and identify various forms of pathology involving the abdomen, pelvis, fetus, brain, thyroid, breast, and testes. (VII)

8.

Describe patient preparation and positioning for various sonographic features of the abdomen, pelvis, fetus, and brain. (VIII)

9.

Describe scan protocol for sonographic procedures for evaluation for upper abdomen anatomy, pelvic anatomy, gravid uterus, neonate brain, and superficial organs. (IX)

10.

Interpret ultrasound cases to include pathology, scan quality, and anatomy. (X)

MCCCD Official Course Outline:

DMI258  2008 Fall – 2010 Fall

Ultrasound Registry Preparation Seminar

I. Physics

A. Terminology and physical units

B. Acoustic wave properties

1. Types

2. Propagation characteristics

3. Frequency, wavelength, phases

4. Pulsed ultrasound

5. Intensity

6. Amplitude

7. Acoustic impedance

8. Attenuation

C. Acoustic field properties

D. Doppler physics

E. Artifacts

II. Instrumentation

A. Transducer

B. Pulse echo system

C. Display modes

D. Digital imaging

E. Realtime systems

F. Duplex (Doppler) systems

G. Gain controls

III. Quality Control

A. Testing and Calibration

1. Test objects

2. A-mode

3. B-mode

4. M-mode

5. Hardcopy

IV. Output Measurements

A. Total Power

B. Acoustic output measurements

1. Spatial average versus spatial peak

2. Temporal average versus temporal peak

3. Spatial peak - temporal average

4. Spatial average - temporal average

5. Spatial peak - temporal average

6. Spatial peak - pulse average

V. Biological Effects

A. Mechanisms

1. Thermal

2. Cavitation

3. Shear force

B. Epidemiologic studies

C. Somatic

D. Developmental

E. Genetic

F. Assessment of risk in diagnostic ultrasound

G. AIUM-NEMA standards

H. DHEW recommendations

VI. Abdominal Applications

A. Liver

1. Anatomy

2. Laboratory values

3. Techniques

4. Diffuse pathology

5. Tumors

6. Cysts

7. Abscesses

8. Hematoma

B. Gallbladder and biliary tree

1. Anatomy

2. Indications

3. Lab values

4. Technique

5. Cholelithiasis

6. Tumors

7. Dialation

C. Pancreas

1. Anatomy

2. Lab values

3. Technique

4. Pancreatitis

5. Pseudocysts

6. Tumors

D. Urinary

1. Anatomy

2. Lab values

3. Technique

4. Inications for exam

5. Renal masses

6. Parenchymal disease

7. Obstructive uropathy

8. Abscess, hemotoma

9. Infarct

10. Calculi

11. Anomalies

12. Transplants

E. Spleen

1. Anatomy

2. Technique

3. Focal lesions

4. Diffuse disease

5. Splenic artery aneurysm

F. Retroperitoneum

1. Anatomy

2. Great vessels

3. Adenopathy and masses

4. Adrenals

5. Hemorrhage

6. Retroperitoneal fibrosis

G.

G. . tract

1. Anatomy

2. Tumor

3. Obstruction

4. Hernia

H. Miscellaneous

1. Bladder

2. Prostate

3. Noncardiac chest

4. Multi-organ system

5. Abscesses and other fluid collections

6. Invasive

I. Neck

1. Anatomy

2. Technique

3. Thyroid pathology

4. Parathyroid

5. Carotid and jugular pathology

J. Superficial structures

1. Anatomy

2. Cyst-fluid collections

3. Tumor

4. Abscess-hematoma

5. Aneurysm

6. Testicles

7. Breast

8. Vascular anatomy

9. A-V shunts

VII. OB/Gynecologic Applications

A. Pelvic anatomy, physiology, and anomalies

1. Normal pelvic anatomy

2. Physiology

B. First trimester obstetrical ultrasound

1. Embryology

2. Normal sonographic apperance

3. Anembryonic pregnancy (blighted ovum)

4. Spontaneous abortion

5. Ectopic pregnancy

6. Molar pregnancy

7. Normal pregnancy with other pelvic pathology

C. Normal fetus

1. Position

2. Anatomy

3. Growth pattern

D. Placenta

1. Normal anatomy and position

2. Developmental changes

3. Membranes and cord

4. Previa

5. Abruption

6. Mole

E. Amniotic fluid

1. Normal volume

2. Polyhraminos

3. Oliohydraminos

4. Testing/procedures (aminocentesis)

F. Assessment of gestational age/maturity/well-being

1. Crown-rump length

2. Biparietal diameter

3. Head circumference

4. Abdominal circumference

5. Long bones

6. Other measurement parameters

7. Biophysical profile

G. Obstetrical, pathology complications

1. Multiple gestations

2. Maternal risk factors

3. Itrauterine growth retardation

4. Fetal death

5. Fetal anomalies

6. Coexisting pathology

H. Gynecologic pathology

1. Uterine masses

2. Intrauterine contraceptive devices

3. Ovarian masses

4. Endometriosis

5. Inflammatory disease

6. Extra-pelvic pathology

I. Patient care/preparation

1. Bladder

2. Supine hypotensive syndrome

3. History

VIII. Neurosonography

A. Physics and Instrumentation

1. Effects of bone and ultrasonic energy

2. Effect of transducer frequency on quality

3. Bone induced and other artifacts

4. Types of instruments used for neurosonography

B. Technique in neurosonography

1. Selection of instrument and transducer

2. Scan-plane selection and identification

3. Adjustment of instrument controls

4. Recognition of normal structures and landmarks

5. Normal dimension and measurement techniques

C. Anatomy and physiology

1. Bones of the os cranium

2. Fontelles and external landmarks

3. Gross topographical anatomy

4. Membranous partioning of intracranial space

5. Intra- and extracranial vascular structures

6. Grey/white matter orginization

7. Ventricular system

8. Cerbrospinal fluid

9. Principal functional tracts of C.N.S.

D. Recognition of pathology and differential diagnosis

1. Midline displacements

2. Space-occupying lesion and mass effects

3. Inflammatory lesions

4. Ventricular enlargement

5. Intracranial and extracranial hemorrhage

6. Atrophic lesions

7. Congenital lesions

8. Brain swelling

E. Medical care of the neonate during scanning

1. Temperature maintenance

2. Asepsis and infection control

3. Scanning the neonate on a respiratory

4. Care of the neonate with IV's

5. Seizure precautions

IX. Scan Techniques

A. Patient preparation

B. Patient positioning

C. Equipment

D. Scan protocol

X. Special Cases

A. Pathology

B. Anatomy

C. Scan quality