MCCCD Official Course Competencies:

HCE241  2006 Spring – 2011 Summer II

Practicum: Clinical Urinalysis and Body Fluid Analysis

1.

Assess the anatomy and physiology of the human renal system. (I)

2.

Assess clinical features of renal and extra-renal diseases. (II)

3.

Apply urine and body fluid collection techniques and types, specimen handling, and preservation. (III, IV)

4.

Prepare instrument calibration and perform quality control and maintenance on instruments used in urinalysis and body fluid analysis. (V)

5.

Perform chemical analyses on urine. (VI)

6.

Practice microscopic examination of urine. (VII)

7.

Apply renal function tests. (VIII)

8.

Interpret, evaluate, and report urinalysis results. (VIII)

9.

Perform body fluid analyses on cerebrospinal, synovial, pleural, peritoneal, pericardial, amniotic, and seminal fluids. (IX)

10.

Interpret, evaluate, and report body fluid analysis results. (IX)

MCCCD Official Course Outline:

HCE241  2006 Spring – 2011 Summer II

Practicum: Clinical Urinalysis and Body Fluid Analysis

I. Human Renal System

A. Anatomy

1. Kidney

a. Nephrons

(1). Bowman's capsule

(2). Tubules

b. Glomerulus

c. Blood circulation

2. Ureters

3. Bladder

4. Urethra

B. Physiology

1. Urine formation

2. Regulation of acid-base equilibrium

3. Urine volume

4. Clearance tests

II. Renal Diseases

A. Glomerular disease

1. Glomerulonephritis

2. Nephrotic syndrome

a. Systemic lupus erythematosus

b. Diabetes mellitus

B. Tubular Disease

1. Acute tubular necrosis

2. Cystinosis

3. Cystinuria

4. Fanconi's syndrome

5. Renal tubular acidosis

C. Tubulointerstitial Disease

1. Urinary tract infections

2. Other

D. Renal Calculi

III. Urine Specimen Collection Techniques

A. Procedures

B. Types

C. Patient instructions

IV. Urine Specimen Handling and Preservation

A. Containers

B. Labeling

C. Transportation

D. Storage

1. Temperature

2. Preservatives

E. Unacceptable specimens

V. Preparation for Testing

A. Reagents

B. Preventive maintenance

C. Calibration performance

D. Quality control performance

E. Corrective action

F. Documentation

VI. Urine Macroscopic Examination

A. Physical examination

1. Color

2. Clarity

3. Specific gravity

B. Chemical examination

1. Reagent strip tests

2. Confirmatory tests

3. Limitations and interferences

VII. Urine Microscopic Examination

A. Microscopy

1. Bright field

2. Phase

3. Polarizing

B. Cellular and formed elements

1. Red blood cells

2. White blood cells

3. Epithelial cells

4. Casts

5. Crystals

6. Bacteria

7. Fat globules

8. Mucous

9. Parasites

10. Spermatozoa

11. Yeast

12. Contaminants

VIII. Urinalysis Reporting

A. Establish protocols

B. Correlate microscopic and macroscopic exams

C. Evaluate patient results

D. Verify results

IX. Body Fluid Analysis and Reporting

A. Clinical significance

1. Cerebral spinal fluid

2. Synovial

3. Pleural/BAL (Bronchialalveolar lavage)

4. Peritoneal

5. Pericardial

6. Amniotic

7. Seminal

8. Sweat

B. Collection techniques

C. Handling and preservation

D. Physical examination

E. Chemical examination

F. Cell counts

G. Differentials

H. Reporting results

1. Evaluate patient results

2. Verify results