Official Course Description: MCCCD Approval: 07/22/08
AJS122 19936-20086	LEC	3 Credit(s)	3 Period(s)
United States Penology
An examination of punishment from primitive times to the modern correctional era; influences of historical events on the philosophy of punishment and methods of prison discipline. Prerequisites: None.

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MCCCD Official Course Competencies:
AJS122   19936-20086	United States Penology

1.	Describe the common punishment prescribed in ancient codes of behavior including the influence of Roman and Greek thought on crime and punishment. (I)
2.	Explain how punishment and crime changed during the Middle Ages. (I)
3.	Associate the role of religion with early punishment, and the beginnings of differentiating crimes and religious offenses. (I)
4.	Describe the influences of the philosophy of the Age of Enlightenment oncriminal punishment and explanations of crime. (II)
5.	Describe John Howard's influences on American penology. (II)
6.	Explain the impact of transportation on Colonial America. (II)
7.	Describe the European development of cellular prisons. (II)
8.	Describe the influence of the Quakers on American penology. (II)
9.	Differentiate between Pennsylvania Prison Discipline and Auburn Prison Discipline. (III) (IV)
10.	Describe the rise of prison industry. (IV)
11.	Describe the Reformatory Era in American Penology including the originof parole and indeterminate sentencing. (V)
12.	Describe post-war prisons and their prison labor programs. (VI)
13.	Describe prison labor programs during the industrial era and the impact of legislation on prison labor. (VII)
14.	Describe the developments which led to the modern era of prisons and various prison reform movements. (VIII) (IX)
15.	Contrast and compare typical male offenders with typical female offenders. (IX)
16.	Describe special offenders. (IX)
17.	Explain court-imposed offenders' rights. (IX)
18.	List controversies and advantages of private correctional facilities. (IX)

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MCCCD Official Course Outline:
AJS122   19936-20086	United States Penology

I. Early Codes of Punishment A. Babylonian and Sumerian codes B. Roman and Greek codes C. The Middle Ages D. Crime and sin E. The emergence of secular law II. The Age of Enlightenment and Reform A. Montesquieu and the French Revolution B. Beccaria and the Classical School of Penology C. Bentham's Hedonistic Calculas D. John Howard 1. Work houses 2. Goals 3. Houses of correction E. Transportation 1. Penal colonies--Australia 2. American colonies 3. Hulks F. Early cellular prisons 1. Maison de Force 2. Hospice of San Michele 3. Walnut Street Jail 4. Bentham's Panopticon III. The Pennsylvania Prison System A. Prison discipline B. Effects on European countries C. Demise IV. The Auburn System A. Prison discipline B. Prison industry V. The Reformatory Era A. Elmira Reformatory B. Maronochie and the Indeterminate Sentence C. Crofton and the Irish System D. Development of parole VI. Post-Civil War Prisons in the South A. Convicts vs. slaves B. State use C. Contract System D. Piece-Price System VII. The Industrial Era of Prisons A. Hawes Cooper Act B. Ashurst Sumners Act C. Effects of the Great Depression on prison industries VIII. The Beginning of the Modern Prison A. U.S. Bureau of Prisons B. Classification and diagnosis C. Alcatraz as the answer D. Prison riots IX. Modern Prisons A. Prison reforms 1. Externally induced 2. Internally induced 3. Court induced 4. Legislative and executive B. Community-based corrections C. Prisoners' rights D. Male offenders E. Female offenders F. Special offenders G. Private correctional facilities

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