Official Course Description:   MCCCD Approval:  02/22/00
BIO245      20006-20015	LEC	3 Credit(s)	3 Period(s)
Cellular and Molecular Biology
Concepts that underline relationship between cellular and subcellular structure and function, and integration of major metabolic and genetic processes. Prerequisites: BIO181 and CHM151.

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MCCCD Official Course Competencies:
BIO245   20006-20015	Cellular and Molecular Biology

1.	Describe the importance of the cell in understanding the history, structure, and processes of life. (I)
2.	Describe the chemical foundations of cell processes. (II)
3.	Describe the structure of proteins, and identify the categories of proteins found in cells. (III)
4.	Describe the structure and function of nucleic acids. (IV)
5.	Identify the parts of a cell, and describe their structure and function. (V)
6.	Describe the methods of culturing cells and viruses. (VI)
7.	Describe the methods and uses of recombinant DNA. (VII)
8.	Describe methods of genetic analysis in cell biology. (VIII)
9.	Describe the structure and functioning of genes and chromosomes. (IX)
10.	Describe protein synthesis. (X)
11.	Describe regulation of the eukaryotic cell cycle. (XI, XIII)
12.	Describe DNA replication, repair, and recombination. (XII)
13.	Describe gene control of development. (XIV)
14.	Describe cellular energetics. (XV)
15.	Describe past-translational modifications and targeting of protein translocations. (XVI)
16.	Describe transport across cell membranes. (XVII)

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MCCCD Official Course Outline:
BIO245   20006-20015	Cellular and Molecular Biology

I. The Dynamic Cell A. Evolution: The core of molecular change B. The molecules of life C. The architecture of cells D. The life cycle of cells E. Cells into tissues F. Molecular cell biology II. Chemical Foundations A. Covalent bonds B. Noncovalent bonds C. Chemical equilibrium D. Biochemical energetics E. Activation energy and reaction rate III. Protein Structure and Function A. Hierarchical structure of proteins B. Folding, modification, and degradation of proteins C. Functional design of proteins D. Membrane proteins E. Purifying, detecting, and characterizing proteins IV. Nucleic Acids, the Genetic Code, and the Synthesis of Macromolecules A. Structure of nucleic acids B. Synthesis of biopolymers C. Nucleic acid synthesis D. The three roles of RNA in protein synthesis E. Stepwise formation of proteins on ribosomes V. Biomembranes and Subcellular Organization A. Microscopy and cell architecture B. Purification of cells and their parts C. Biomembranes: structural organization D. Organelles of the eukaryotic cell VI. Manipulating Cells and Viruses in Culture A. Growth of microorganisms in culture B. Growth of animal cells in culture C. Viruses: structure, function, and uses VII. Recombinant DNA and Genomics A. DNA cloning with plasmid vectors B. Constructing DNA libraries with phage and other cloning vectors C. Identifying, analyzing, and sequencing cloned DNA D. Bioinformatics E. Analyzing specific nucleic acids in complex mixtures F. Producing high levels of proteins from cloned cDNAs G. Polymerase Chair Reaction (PCR): An alternative to cloning H. DNA microarrays VIII. Genetic Analysis in Cell Biology A. Mutations: types and causes B. Isolation and analysis of mutants C. Genetic mapping of mutations D. Molecular cloning of genes defined by mutations E. Gene replacement and transgenic animals IX. Molecular Structure of Genes and Chromosomes A. Molecular definition of a gene B. Chromosomal organization of genes and noncoding DNA C. Mobile DNA D. Functional rearrangements in chromosomal DNA E. Organizing cellular DNA into chromosomes F. Morphology and functional elements of chromosomes G. Organelle DNAs X. Regulation of Transcription Initiation A. Bacterial gene control: The Jacob-Monod Model B. Bacterial transcription initiation C. Eukaryotic gene control D. Regulatory sequences in protein-coding genes E. Eukaryotic transcription activators and repressors F. RNA polymerase II Transcription-initiation complex G. Molecular mechanisms of transcriptional control XI. RNA Processing, Nuclear Transport, and Post-Transcriptional Regulation A. Transcription termination B. Processing of eukaryotic mRNA C. Regulation of mRNA processing D. Signal-mediated transport and nuclear pore complexes E. Processing of rRNA and tRNA XII. DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination A. General features of chromosomal replication B. The DNA replication machinery C. Role of topoisomerases in DNA replication D. DNA damage and repair and their role in carcinogenesis E. Recombination between homologous DNA sites XIII. Regulation of the Eukaryotic Cell Cycle A. The cell cycle and its control B. Biochemical studies with oocytes and early embryos C. Genetic studies D. Molecular mechanisms for regulating mitotic events E. Genetic studies with S. cerevisiae F. Cell-cycle control in mammalian cells G. Checkpoints in cell-cycle regulation XIV. Gene Control in Development A. Cell-type specification and mating-type conversion in yeast B. Cell-type specification inn animals C. Anterioposterior specification during embryogenesis D. Specification of floral-organ identity XV. Cellular Energetics A. Oxidation of glucose and fatty acids to carbon dioxide B. Electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation XVI. Protein Sorting A. Synthesis and targeting of mitochondrial, chloroplast, and peroxisomal proteins B. The secretory pathway C. Post-translational modifications D. Molecular mechanisms of vesicular traffic XVII. Transport Across Cell Membranes A. Diffusion across phospholipid bilayers B. Membrane transport proteins C. Uniporter-catalyzed transport D. Intracellular ion environment E. Activate transport by Adenosine tri phosphate (ATP)-powered pumps F. Cotransport by symporters and antiporters G. Osmosis, water channels and regulation of cell volume

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